AI 101
Turing Post's weekly explainer series: one AI concept at a time, from first principles, for engineers who want the mechanism, not the metaphor.
AI 101
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8 min read
Sep 11, 2026
What is Mamba?
Jamba, Falcon-H1 and Nemotron-H keep attention alongside Mamba layers. What selective SSMs do well, and where exact recall breaks
AI 101
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13 min read
Aug 28, 2026
LeJEPA: Provable Self-Supervised Learning Without Heuristic
LeJEPA by Yann LeCun: provably stable self-supervised learning without heuristics. SIGReg, isotropic Gaussian embeddings & world models explained.
AI 101
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15 min read
Aug 5, 2026
AI Hardware Explained: From GPUs and TPUs to NPUs, IPUs and FPGAs
What is a TPU in AI? Compare CPU, GPU, TPU, ASIC, NPU, IPU, APU, and FPGA — how each chip works, who builds them, and when each is the right choice.)
AI 101
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17 min read
Jul 24, 2026
AI 101: Gemma 4 with OpenClaw: Architecture, Setup, and Why Developers Are Switching
Gemma 4 runs locally via Ollama with zero API cost. Full architecture breakdown — attention mix, MoE, per-layer embeddings — and why OpenClaw users are switching from Claude.
AI 101
+1
16 min read
Jul 21, 2026
Reasoning Models Explained: o1, DeepSeek-R1 & Beyond
What is a reasoning model? How it differs from standard LLMs, how Chain-of-Thought works, and how to compare o1, DeepSeek-R1, Qwen 3 & top models of 2026.
AI 101
+1
8 min read
Jul 10, 2026
Whisper Model Explained: OpenAI’s Open-Source Speech Recognition Model in 2026
Learn how OpenAI’s Whisper model works, what it does well, where it fails, and how to run Whisper locally or through an API.
AI 101
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18 min read
Jul 6, 2026
VLA Models Explained: Architecture, Types & the Leap to VLA+
What are VLA models? Learn Vision-Language-Action architecture, key systems (π0, Helix, SmolVLA) & the leap to VLA+. Deep dive.
AI 101
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11 min read
Jul 5, 2026
GRPO Explained: Group Relative Policy Optimization
GRPO is a critic-free RL algorithm for post-training LLMs. How Group Relative Policy Optimization works, how it differs from PPO & its role in DeepSeek-R1.
AI 101
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12 min read
Jul 1, 2026
What is Qwen-Agent framework? Inside the Qwen family
Qwen-Agent explained: tool calling, planning, memory, and how to build AI agents with Alibaba's open-source Qwen models — from QwQ-32B to Qwen2.5-VL.
AI 101
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10 min read
Jun 29, 2026
What Are Web World Models? How AI Agents Get Persistent Worlds
A practical guide to Web World Models, the web-based architecture for building persistent, controllable environments for AI agents.
AI 101
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14 min read
Jun 20, 2026
How Responsible AI Changes In The Agent Era
Responsible AI is becoming infrastructure for AI agents: runtime controls, system accountability, human oversight, and safeguards for tools that act
AI 101
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17 min read
Jun 18, 2026
What Is JEPA? LeCun Architecture & World Models
Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture predicts abstract representations, not pixels or tokens. Covers I-JEPA, V-JEPA, VL-JEPA, LeJEPA and robotics.
AI 101
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17 min read
Jun 13, 2026
AI 101: Hermes Agent vs OpenClaw: Local AI Agents Compared
Hermes builds its own skills from finished workflows; OpenClaw keeps them human-written in files. Which fits your setup, and what breaks
AI 101
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15 min read
Jun 4, 2026
What is Cosmos World Foundation Model Platform?
NVIDIA Cosmos is a world foundation model platform for Physical AI: tokenizer, diffusion and autoregressive WFMs, guardrails, and Cosmos 3 omnimodal world model.
AI 101
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11 min read
May 21, 2026
AI 101: From Tokens to Answers: What Actually Happens During LLM Inference
How LLM inference works end-to-end: tokenization, embeddings, prefill, decode, KV cache, batching, retrieval, and modern inference orchestration.
